前置作業

開發環境與工具

Python (Anaconda)
VS Code
Ngork

Line方面設定

先到Line developer註冊 → Create Provider → 建立Messaging API

💡 在Basic Settings裡有Channel secret，在Messaging API settings裡有Channel access token

建立步驟

Anaconda Env

建議可以使用虛擬環境以保持套件的乾淨

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conda create --name=django-env python=3.6.6  #建立環境
conda activate django-env #啟動環境
conda deactivate #關閉環境

Django

安裝套件

pip install django
pip install line-bot-sdk
pip install beautifulsoup4
pip install requests

建立Django專案

django-admin startproject mylinebot .  #建立Django專案
 
python manage.py startapp weatherlinebot  #建立Django應用程式(App)
 
python manage.py migrate  #執行資料遷移(Migration)

(1) 在專案主程式的settings.py中加上line的access config

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# Line Chat Bot Settings
LINE_CHANNEL_ACCESS_TOKEN = 'AucguavwbkWCxY5FbQCwGhx2F6E7slhtxra4cKNgiXnKYEUcTCUe7b1kR09yKVrbtIYNqNw6jOTbTKrOVpK6ZKX0qHqbOsamrCdKJ4e+bSIiHmPppo2QljFEhZt3Unexv4h4A0IkNR9mo9KC95iC5gdB04t89/1O/w1cDnyilFU='
LINE_CHANNEL_SECRET = '32689659c38a00a77e0adbae0eedab36'

(2) 在INSTALLED_APPS的地方加上自己的APP

開發Line bot應用程式

(1) 在應用程式下的views.py加上下面程式碼

from django.shortcuts import render

# Create your views here.
from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseBadRequest, HttpResponseForbidden
from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt
from django.conf import settings
 
from linebot import LineBotApi, WebhookParser
from linebot.exceptions import InvalidSignatureError, LineBotApiError
from linebot.models import MessageEvent, TextSendMessage

# 之前在settings裡定義過 
line_bot_api = LineBotApi(settings.LINE_CHANNEL_ACCESS_TOKEN)
parser = WebhookParser(settings.LINE_CHANNEL_SECRET)
 
 
@csrf_exempt
def callback(request):
 
    if request.method == 'POST':
        signature = request.META['HTTP_X_LINE_SIGNATURE']
        body = request.body.decode('utf-8')
 
        try:
            events = parser.parse(body, signature)  # 傳入的事件
        except InvalidSignatureError:
            return HttpResponseForbidden()
        except LineBotApiError:
            return HttpResponseBadRequest()
 
        for event in events:
            if isinstance(event, MessageEvent):  # 如果有訊息事件
                line_bot_api.reply_message(  # 回復傳入的訊息文字
                    event.reply_token,
                    TextSendMessage(text=event.message.text)
                )
        return HttpResponse()
    else:
        return HttpResponseBadRequest()

其中line_bot_api.reply_message()就是處理回傳的部分，也可以像下面改成這樣：

(2) 設定連結網址：在APP應用程式下新增urls.py

from django.urls import path
from . import views
 
urlpatterns = [
    path('callback', views.callback)
]

(3) 在專案主程式下的urls.py加入APP應用程式的連結網址

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django.conf.urls import include

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('weatherlinebot/', include('weatherlinebot.urls')) #包含應用程式的網址
]